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2007中石油职称英语考试应试技巧
一、词汇题:
首先判断空白处的词性(名词、动词、形容词、介词、代词、连词、副词),然后结合单/复数、主/被动、时态(过去、现在、将来)等,采取排除法将不符题意的答案过滤掉,相对剩下的可选项就容易的多;
其次注意答案中词组类型的固定搭配,比较特殊的如:
In regard to/of (关于); carry away (吸引);for good (永久);
at will (任意、随心所欲); put away (储存、保留);
mistake A for B (错把A当B); substituted A for B(用A代替B)
a flock of (特指一群鸟); a swarm of (特指一群蜜蜂、蚂蚁);
a herd of (特指一群牛); a crowd of (特指一群人);
stay up (熬夜);get across (解释);persist in (坚持认为);
cut into (侵犯、打断); cut off (切断、隔绝);
come across (偶然遇见/发现);
put somebody up (给某人提供地方);
in good time (早早地、提前);
call forth (使产生) call at (访问) call off (放弃、丢掉);
in charge of (掌控、管理); put off (推迟) hold back (抑制);
subject to (使服从);come up with (得出);
lay down (制定、放下);put up with (容忍、忍受);
in favor of (赞同、支持); in excess of (超过);
in contrast to (与之对照);hang about (到处闲逛、游手好闲)
hang on (坚持) hang up (拖延) hang off (迟疑)];
reason out (分析、推理) figure out (弄清楚)
manage with (设法对付) behind schedule (晚点)
go off (变质) naked eye (肉眼)
take up a collection (募捐,筹款)
be available to sb.(对某人来说可用的,可得到的)
common practice(惯例,常规) in the way
admission to a school(入学)
lose one’s temper(发脾气)
rather then...而不是
go bake on one’s word(说话不算数,自食其言)
run sb. In(逮捕并带往派出所)
dispose of(处理掉垃圾)waste
in principle(原则上,总得来说) potential marker(潜在市场)
remind sb. Of sth.(使某人回忆起...)
for the benefit of sb.(为了某人的利益)
had no …when还没等...就
had no sooner …than刚...就...
二、语法结构
语法结构题应答时
首先,需明白整句的大体含义;
其次,要分清句子的主语是人还是物,目的是为了判断主动/被动语态;
第三,注意句子的段落,如:是否有逗号(为了判断限定性/非限定性从句);
第四,注意题目前后对比及句子中表示时间的单词,如:by now\ by that time\that night\the first time (完成时)、tomorrow (将来时)、yesterday\before (过去时);
第五,其他需要注意的特殊词,如:
(1) 连词选择时,句中有only不定代词\最高级\序数词\不定代词(some\any\ervery\one\little\much)后必须用that;句型
There be句型中,只用that,不用whicl
序数 (the first) +that +完成式
形容词最高级(more,most),数词
不定代词(something,allthing,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little)
The only ( the very)
先行词既有人,又有物时,只用that,不用whicl
(2)so+形容词/副词引导的从句,表示否定的词语(little\few\seldom\never\not until\scarcely\)放在句首,语序要倒装;the more+形容词/副词(多音节)时,语序要倒装;
(3)whether和if的用法比较:宾语从句中两者可以互换;引导主语从句只能用whether不能用if;介词后只能用whether不能用if;
(4)feel like后只能跟分词形式(V+ing);like 后可跟分词(表示习惯性动作)和不定式;
had better +V原 Would rather= Had Just as soon
Would rather+V原 (宁愿) Would rather...than…(宁愿...而不是)
It is/was +adj+that(should) +V原(urgent,necessary,advisable,vital,important)
S+(建议,请求,命令) that(should) +V原(suggest advice demand order commad insist )
It is/was time/hight time that +V过
Had Just as soon +V过 (表示虚拟语气)
It is/was +强调部分+that (not until then that)
It is/was +(时间 time ) befor …表示"...之和...才"
(5)虚拟语气是每年必考内容。
表示与现在事实相反,条件从句结构:If+人称代词+行为动词的过去式,主句结构:人称代词+should/would/could/might+动词原形;
表示与过去事实相反,条件从句结构:人称代词+had+过去分词,主句结构:人称代词+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词;
表示与将来事实相反,条件从句结构:If+行为动词的过去式(通常要与一个表示将来的时间状语连用)/If+should/were to+动词原形,主句结构:人称代词+should/would/could/might+动词原形;
需要注意的是,在从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was;举例:If I were you,I would go to look for him;虚拟条件句倒装的举例:Should it rain,the crops would be saved=>Were it to rain,the crops would be saved.
(6)比较级和最高级的使用。(修饰比较级的词有,a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,many,a lot,lots,a gread deal,any,still,even)注意避免重复使用比较级,即句中如果有more,则形容词/副词词不再使用比较级;避免在比较级中将主语含在比较对象中,即需要than…other来区分;要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则;(修饰最高级的词有,by far,far,much,mostly,almost)对于最高级,使用时要将主语包括在比较范围内;序数词通常只能修饰最高级;“否定词+比较级”,“否定词+so…as”结构表示最高级含义;very与much修饰最高级时位置不同,very在the之后,much在the之前;
(7)连词使用时的注意事项:not only….but (also)关联两个分句时,有否定词not的分句语序要倒装;句子中有并列连词and时,前后谓语动词的时态要一致;neither…nor,意思为“既不。。。也不。。。”,either…or….,意思为“或者。。。或者。。。”谓语动词均采用就近原则;for是表示因果关系的连词,不能置于含两个并列分句的句首,只能放在两个分句中间;两个并列连词不能连用,但therefore/then/yet可以和并列连词使用;although…yet…为固定搭配,although不能与but连用;
(8)情态动词的使用注意事项:除ought和have外,其他情态动词后只能接不带to的不定式;情态动词没有人称、数的变化,即其第三人称单数不加-S;情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词等形式;should和ought to都表示“应该”,但ought to在语气上比should强,相比较should\had better\must 三者语气逐步加强,而且had better相当于助动词,后面只能跟动词原形;would rather=just as soon,表示“宁愿”;need和dare既可做实义动词,也可做情态动词,need做实义动词后面的不定式必须带to,而dare做实义动词时,后面的to通常省略。
(9)主动形式表示被动意义的动词:
(wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write, drive,blame,remain,keep,rent,build )V+ing=to be V原
(10)句型固定搭配:
Hardly...when…;(一...就...) No sooner….than…
The moment==as soon as (一...就...)
Do(V原)…,and…. What… do with
Let’s…, shall we? Close the door, will you.
Open the door, please. it’s me.
Be supposed to do sth(应该...)
Will you…,would you like….
How do you think about what is your opinion on
What do you think of What is your idea on
Used to +V原 (过去常常)
+V+ing (主语是人)
Get/be Used to (习惯于)
+V原 (主语是物)(book,pencil)
Get sth. doen 或get sb. to do sth.
(11)其他:go on和happen不能用被动语态;the moment=as soon as;
三、完型填空
答题时,快速浏览通篇文章,根据答案选项,依照直觉语感先选一个,然后再结合语法,用词,句型结构规则,前后内容的关联认真推敲确定答案
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